The US TSCA is the Toxic Substances Control Act, which was promulgated by the US Congress in 1976 and came into effect in 1977. It is implemented by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The bill aims to comprehensively consider the environmental, economic, and social impacts of chemicals circulating within the United States, and to prevent "unreasonable risks" to human health and the environment. After multiple revisions, TSCA has become an important regulation for the effective management of chemical substances in the United States.

TSCA includes four parts: control of toxic chemicals, emergency response to asbestos hazards, reduction of indoor radon emissions, and exposure to lead coatings.

For enterprises whose products exported to the United States fall under the TSCA regulatory category, TSCA compliance is a prerequisite for conducting normal trade. The updated inventory in February 2021 includes 86557 chemicals, of which 41864 are active chemicals.